Expression of CXCR4 and MMP-2 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma
Chen Gong1, Kai Sun2, Hui-hua Xiong1, Tal Sneh3, Jing Zhang1, Xiao Zhou1, Peng Yan1 and Jian-hua Wang1
1Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China and 3Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
Offprint requests to: Jian-hua Wang, Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China. e-mail: superman.4812@163.com
Summary. Backgroud. Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor with a high tendency to form metastasis and poor prognosis. Consequently, finding effective early indicators of metastases is crucial for identifying and treating high-risk patients. CXCR4 and MMP-2 have been found to strongly correlate with invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors, including osteosarcoma. Materials and Methods. Our study evaluated CXCR4 in conjunction with MMP-2 as an important clinicopathological prognostic predictor for metastasis and overall survival of osteosarcoma. 73 patients' clinical data and pathological samples were retrieved for the study. A median time of 36 months follow-up was performed to evaluate for tumor metastasis and patient survival. CXCR4 and MMP-2 proteins in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Results. The positive expression rate of CXCR4 and MMP-2 was 68.5% and 54.8% respectively, and of the 45 patients who developed distal metastasis, 33 and 28 patients had positive expression of CXCR4 and MMP-2 respectively. The median metastasis-free survival was 72.00 months in the CXCR4-negative group and 14.00 months in the CXCR4 positive group. Furthermore, median overall survival was 73.77 and 24.00 months in these same two groups. Further, the median metastasis-free survival was 66.51 months in the MMP-2 negative group and 9.00 months in the MMP-2 positive group. The median overall survival was 75.07 and 19.00 months in these same two groups. MMP2 and metastasis remained the significant and independent prognostic factors for metastasis-free survival and overall survival by using the COX regression model adjusted for the multivariate predictors of survival. Conclusion. Our results suggest that metastasis and MMP-2 are both independent prognostic indicators for metastasis-free and overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. Histol Histopathol 35, 863-870 (2020)
Key words: Osteosarcoma, CXCR4, MMP-2, Metastasis, Survival
DOI: 10.14670/HH-18-219