Prognostic value of CXCR4 expression in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Guorong Li¹*, Grégory Badin¹*, An Zhao¹, Anne Gentil-Perret², Jacques Tostain¹, Michel Péoc’h² and Marc Gigante¹

Department of ¹Urology and ²Pathology, North Hospital, CHU Saint-Etienne, University of Jean-Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
*Guorong Li and Grégory Badin are co-first authors.

Offprint requests to: Dr. Guorong Li, Department of Urology, CHU of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne cedex 2, France. e-mail: grli2001@yahoo.fr


Summary. Introduction: The expression of CXCR4 is implicated in the metastatic dissemination of different cancers. The information on its prognostic value has been very limited in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Our objective was to explore the prognostic value of CXCR4 in ccRCC. Materials and methods: 104 patients with a ccRCC were studied. There were 69 men and 35 women with an average age of 64.5 years old (range: 34-86 years). The CXCR4 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The follow-up varied from 12 to 184 months with a mean of 79.5 months. Kaplan-Meier with a log rank test was performed to compare overall survival and cancer-specific survival after surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed according to the Cox regression model. Results: CXCR4 expression was found in 68/104 (65.4%) of tumor samples. CXCR4 expression was located in the nucleus in 55/68 (80.8%) cases while cytoplasm or membrane location was found in 13/68 (19.2%) cases. High expression was found in 25/68 (36.8%) cases. During follow-up, 39 patients died, of which 26 died of cancer. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that a high expression of CXCR4 was associated with a reduced overall survival (p=0.017) and cancer-specific survival (p=0.022). Univariate analysis indicated that a high expression of CXCR4 was a significant factor for a poorer overall survival (p=0.020) and cancer-specific survival (p=0.027). By multivariate analysis, a high expression of CXCR4 appeared to be an independent factor of overall survival (p=0.024) and cancer-specific survival (p=0.028). Conclusion: This study suggested that a high CXCR4 expression was correlated with a worse outcome for ccRCC patients. Histol Histopathol 28, 1217-1222 (2013)

Key words: CXCR4, Prognosis, Renal cell carcinoma, Immunohistochemistry

DOI: 10.14670/HH-28.1217